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Brown Recluse
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Brown Recluse Spider

 

Characteristics 

Size: May grow to have a body about 5/8-inch in length and a leg span of about one and a half inches in diameter.

Color: Usually light brown but may be darker in some specimens.  The key identifying characteristics are the six eyes arranged in three pairs at the front of the head area and the fiddle-shaped marking on the back. The brown recluse spider is often called the "violin" spider or "fiddleback" spider because of the distinctive fiddle-shaped marking on top of its cephalothorax (head end to which the legs are attached). 

On occasion, people find what appears to be a recluse, when it in fact is a Southern House Spider.  The southern house spider has eight eyes grouped together on a raised prominence, rather than the six eyes in three pairs possessed by L. reclusa (Brown Recluse).

Habitat and Behavior

 Like most spiders, the brown recluse spider does not seek to bite people. The bite is usually accidental. The spider crawls into a shoe, into clothing or into a bed and a person then puts on the clothing or lies on the spider in bed.  The spider, being trapped, has only one defense - and that is to bite. Unfortunately, the bite of this spider produces a nasty result in people, such as open, ulcerating sores. Left untreated, such bites often become infected and significant tissue necrosis can occur. It is always best to seek medical attention, preferably from a dermatologist, if you think you may have a spider bite. This is especially true in areas where brown recluse spiders are common.

The Brown Recluse spider can be found in the southern, western and mid western United States, especially Arkansas, Oklahoma and Missouri. Any corner inside or outside is suitable for brown recluse spiders to construct their webs. These spiders are more common in garages, crawl spaces, and basements, as these areas are less disturbed and tend to harbor more insects.

Control

Mechanical control measures can be very effective for immediate and long term control.  What we mean by "mechanical control" is simply locating spiders and webs and physically destroying them.  Use the Webster for brushing out spiders and their webs.  By regularly removing old webbing, you can easily determine new activity, and it also removes their food sources in the webs making their environment uninhabitable. 

In addition to sanitation measures, utilize the incorporation of glue board spider traps for the capture and elimination of foraging spiders.  Trapper Max Glue Boards are sold in packages of 72.  Set them out in dark areas where spiders might be hiding or foraging.  Maintaining sticky traps behind furniture, to either side of exterior doors, and in the garage is an excellent way to intercept most spiders as they enter.

 

Treat with a residual insecticide such as Talstar, Demand, Tempo, or Suspend, around the foundation of the structure, window frames, door frames, soffit areas, vent openings, exhaust areas, garages, basements, mounted lights, air conditioning areas, cable entry points, deck areas, stoop and patio areas.

 

Dusting is useful if there are voids such as electric outlets, switch plate covers or vent areas where spiders are emerging. Using a duster like the White Crusader, would allow for easier dusting.

Using DRIONE DUST, or DELTA DUST in the attic area would be a good measure if there is an infestation in that area. Or you can apply Delta Dust to your crawl space, as it is moisture proof.

 

 

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Tips for Control –

If a home has experienced brown recluse spiders, the occupants can reduce the chances of bites by following the recommendations below:

  • Clothing can be stored in sealed plastic bags inside drawers or inside
  • plastic storage compartments hanging in closets.
  • Shoes should be stored inside plastic shoeboxes.
  • Clothes that have been left on the floor, in a clothing basket, or are otherwise exposed should always be shaken well and inspected before putting them on.
  • Avoid keeping clothing on floors.
  • Beds should be moved out so they do not touch walls or curtains.
  • Bed skirts around the box springs should be removed from beds, and bedspreads that come near or touch the floor should not be used.  These items allow spiders easy access to climb onto the bed.
  • Persons living in infested homes should get into the habit of inspecting bedding prior to climbing in.

 

Bites of the Brown Recluse

The severity of a person's reaction to the bite depends on the amount of venom injected and individual sensitivity to it. Bite effects may be nothing at all, immediate or delayed. Some may not be aware of the bite for 2 to 8 hours, whereas others feel a stinging sensation usually followed by intense pain if there is a severe reaction.

A small white blister usually rises at the bite site surrounded by a large congested and swollen area. Within 24 to 36 hours, a systemic reaction may occur with the victim characterized by restlessness, fever, chills, nausea, weakness and joint pain. The affected area enlarges, becomes inflamed and the tissue is hard to the touch. The spider's venom contains an enzyme that destroys cell membranes in the wound area with affected tissue gradually sloughing away, exposing underlying tissues. Within 24 hours, the bite site can erupt into a "volcano lesion" (a hole in the flesh due to damaged, gangrenous tissue).

The open wound may range from the size of an adult's thumbnail to the span of a hand. The sunken, ulcerating sore may heal slowly up to 6 to 8 weeks. Full recovery may take several months and scarring may remain. Plastic surgery and skin grafts are sometimes required.

First Aid

If bitten, remain calm, collect the spider, if possible, for positive identification and get medical attention immediately (contact your physician, hospital and/or Poison Information Center). Apply antiseptic solution to prevent infection and ice packs to relieve local swelling and pain directly to the bite area.

An effective antivenom is not generally available. The physician will usually administer high doses of cortisone-type hormones to combat hemolysis and other systemic complications. A report suggests that treatment with dapsone (a drug used mainly for leprosy) may reduce the degree of tissue damage.

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Use the Webster to physically eliminate spiders and spider harborages.  Order the Webster now.

 

Glueboards can be strategically placed throughout the home to capture and eliminate problem spiders.  Order your glue boards now.

 

 

 

 


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